php mvc架构的简单例子
以下是一个简单的 PHP MVC 架构示例，包含基本的模型（Model）、视图（View）和控制器（Controller）结构：
目录结构
project/
├── app/
│ ├── controllers/
│ │ ├── HomeController.php
│ │ └── UserController.php
│ ├── models/
│ │ └── User.php
│ └── views/
│ ├── home/
│ │ └── index.php
│ └── user/
│ └── list.php
├── public/
│ └── index.php
└── .htaccess
1.入口文件 public/index.php
<?php
// 自动加载类
spl_autoload_register(function ($class) {
$file = __DIR__ . '/../app/' . str_replace('\\', '/', $class) . '.php';
if (file_exists($file)) {
require $file;
}
});
// 获取请求路径
$request = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
$path = parse_url($request, PHP_URL_PATH);
// 简单路由
switch ($path) {
case '/':
$controller = new \controllers\HomeController();
$controller->index();
break;
case '/user/list':
$controller = new \controllers\UserController();
$controller->list();
break;
default:
http_response_code(404);
echo 'Page not found';
break;
}2. 控制器 app/controllers/HomeController.php
<?php
namespace controllers;
class HomeController {
public function index() {
// 加载视图
require __DIR__ . '/../views/home/index.php';
}
}3. 控制器 app/controllers/UserController.php
<?php
namespace controllers;
use models\User;
class UserController {
public function list() {
// 获取数据
$userModel = new User();
$users = $userModel->getAllUsers();
// 传递数据到视图
require __DIR__ . '/../views/user/list.php';
}
}4. 模型 app/models/User.php
<?php
namespace models;
class User {
// 模拟数据库数据
public function getAllUsers() {
return [
['id' => 1, 'name' => 'Alice'],
['id' => 2, 'name' => 'Bob'],
['id' => 3, 'name' => 'Charlie']
];
}
}5. 视图 app/views/home/index.php
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Home</title> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to Home Page</h1> <a href="/user/list">View Users</a> </body> </html>
6. 视图 app/views/user/list.php
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>User List</title> </head> <body> <h1>User List</h1> <ul> <?php foreach ($users as $user): ?> <li><?= htmlspecialchars($user['name']) ?></li> <?php endforeach; ?> </ul> <a href="/">Back to Home</a> </body> </html>
7. .htaccess 文件（用于URL重写）
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /public/index.php [L]
</IfModule>运行说明
将项目放在 Web 服务器的根目录（如 Apache 的
htdocs）访问
http://localhost/显示首页访问
http://localhost/user/list显示用户列表
